Part 1, Install Docker and Docker Compose
Here’s a step-by-step guide to install Docker and Docker Compose on Debian 12 Bookworm
Step 1: Update System Packages
Ensure your system packages are up to date before starting the installation.
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sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y |
Step 2: Install Required Dependencies
Install packages that allow apt to use HTTPS and required tools for adding Docker’s official repository.
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sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common gnupg lsb-release -y |
Step 3: Add Docker’s Official GPG Key
You need to add Docker’s GPG key to verify the packages.
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curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg |
Step 4: Set Up Docker Repository
Add Docker’s official repository to your system.
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echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null |
Step 5: Install Docker Engine
Update the package database and install Docker.
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sudo apt update sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io -y |
Step 6: Verify Docker Installation
Check if Docker is installed and running.
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sudo systemctl status docker |
(Optional) Add your user to the docker group to avoid needing sudo for Docker commands:
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sudo usermod -aG docker $USER |
You’ll need to log out and log back in for this change to take effect.
Step 7: Install Docker Compose
Now install Docker Compose, which is a tool to define and run multi-container Docker applications.
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sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.20.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose |
Make the binary executable:
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sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose |
Verify the installation:
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docker-compose --version |
Step 8: Enable Docker to Start on Boot
Enable the Docker service to automatically start on system boot.
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sudo systemctl enable docker |
Step 9: Test Docker and Docker Compose
You can run a simple Docker container to verify everything is set up properly:
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docker run hello-world |
For Docker Compose, create a simple YAML file (docker-compose.yml) and run it:
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version: '3' services: hello-world: image: hello-world |
Run the following command:
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docker-compose up |
Part 1, Summary
Now, Docker and Docker Compose are installed on your Debian 12 system, ready to manage containerized applications!
This guide will fit well into your blog post as a detailed tutorial for preparing Debian 12 to run Docker containers.
Part 2, Running Containers with Docker
Running Docker containers is straightforward once Docker and Docker Compose are installed. Here’s a basic guide on how to run containers.
Step 1: Pull a Docker Image
Docker images are pre-configured applications that you can run in containers. You can search for and pull images from Docker Hub.
For example, to pull an official Nginx image, run:
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docker pull nginx |
Step 2: Run a Docker Container
Once the image is pulled, you can start a container. For example, to run an Nginx container:
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docker run --name my-nginx -p 80:80 -d nginx |
--name my-nginx: Assigns a name to the container.-p 80:80: Maps port 80 on the host to port 80 on the container.-d: Runs the container in detached mode (in the background).nginx: The name of the image.
You can now visit http://localhost in your browser, and you should see the Nginx welcome page.
Step 3: Check Running Containers
To see all running containers:
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docker ps |
To see all containers, including stopped ones:
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docker ps -a |
Step 4: Stop and Remove Containers
To stop a running container:
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docker stop my-nginx |
To remove a stopped container:
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docker rm my-nginx |
You can also stop and remove containers in one command:
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docker stop my-nginx && docker rm my-nginx |
Running Containers with Docker Compose
Docker Compose is useful for managing multi-container environments with a single configuration file.
Step 1: Create a docker-compose.yml File
Here’s an example for running WordPress and MySQL:
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version: '3' services: db: image: mysql:5.7 volumes: - db_data:/var/lib/mysql restart: always environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: example wordpress: image: wordpress:latest ports: - "8000:80" restart: always environment: WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: db:3306 WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: example depends_on: - db volumes: db_data: |
Step 2: Start the Containers
Navigate to the directory containing your docker-compose.yml file and run:
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docker-compose up -d |
This command will pull the required images, create containers, and start them in detached mode.
Step 3: Check Running Containers with Docker Compose
To see running containers managed by Docker Compose:
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docker-compose ps |
Step 4: Stop and Remove Containers
To stop the running containers:
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docker-compose down |
This command stops and removes all containers defined in the docker-compose.yml file.
Step 5: View Logs
To view logs of your services:
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docker-compose logs |
You can specify a service to view only its logs, for example:
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docker-compose logs wordpress |
Part 2, Summary
With Docker, you can easily run single containers, while Docker Compose allows for managing multi-container applications. This should give you the foundation to start running containers on Debian 12 and add more advanced setups to your blog post later.